Chapter 1 - Introduction Arduino

Introduction to Arduino

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform that simplifies the creation of interactive projects. It consists of both hardware (a microcontroller board) and software (the Arduino IDE), making it ideal for beginners and professionals alike.

What is Arduino Used For?

Arduino is widely used for:

• Prototyping: Quickly testing ideas in fields like robotics, IoT, and automation.
• Education: Teaching programming and electronics concepts in schools and colleges.
• DIY Projects: Building personal gadgets, home automation systems, or even art installations.

I/O Pins

Arduino boards come with several Input/Output (I/O) pins, which include:

1. Digital Pins: Used for reading and writing digital signals (e.g., turning an LED on/off).
2. Analog Pins: Used for reading analog signals like sensor data.
3. PWM Pins: Special digital pins used for simulating analog output (e.g., controlling motor speed).

Power Uses

Arduino requires power to function, and it can be powered in multiple ways:

• USB Connection: Power from your computer or USB adapter.
• External Power Supply: Using a DC power jack (typically 7–12V).
• Battery: Ideal for portable projects.

The 5V and 3.3V pins on the board provide power to external components like sensors and LEDs.